Measles is transmitted from person to person by respiratory droplets, small particle aerosols, and close contact. The virus is highly contagious, with each case capable of causing 14 to 18 secondary cases among susceptible populations. The measles virus has no animal reservoir and occurs only in humans. Measles is a reportable disease in most nations, including the United States. According to the CDC, there were 372 cases in 2018 and 764 cases through May of 2019. Despite vaccination in the present era, The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that approximately 134,200 deaths (15 deaths/hour) occurred in 2015 due to measles. Before implementing widespread vaccination programs, measles accounted for an estimated 2.6 million deaths. The epidemiology of measles is variable across the globe and is related to immunization levels achieved in a particular region.
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